Other in vitro models of renal tubular injury have used high concentrations of LPS and/or individual cytokines like IFN-γ and TNF-α (Markewitz et al., 1993; Du et al., 2006; Tiwari et al., 2006), thereby limiting the relevance to the complex tubular epithelial milieu during sepsis. Here, IFNG is linked to Sepsis.