Importantly, phosphorylation of tau has been shown to correlate with the formation of tau inclusions that are present in tissue from people with FTD (Vega et al., 2005), and mutations within the MAPT gene encoding tau are a prominent cause of non-TDP-43-associated cases of FTD (Rademakers et al., 2004). The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is frontotemporal dementia.