EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: K-RAS mutations have been observed in approximately 17% of all NSCLC, in particular in adenocarcinomas (27–34%), whereas the discovery of activating mutations in the EGFR gene (23%) and rearrangements of anaplastic lymphoma (ALK) (5%) also demonstrated a relevant impact in the treatment of lung cancer patient, with their impressive response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) agents, such as erlotinib, crizotinib and gefitinib [9].