ICAM1 and neoplasm: Although it appears likely that the strong focal endothelial expression of CD54 accompanied by focal lymphoid cell infiltrates in a subset of RMS are interrelated by a local immune reaction, it is unknown whether the deficient or low (grade 0–1) endothelial expression of CD54 in many RMS (and most RMA) reflects lack of endothelial activation or suppression of CD54 expression (“endothelial anergy”) that is often encountered in tumor microenvironments (e.g. through proangiogenic factors that are generated due to intratumoral hypoxia)47.