To identify non-coding regulatory variants for gene expression in neutrophils that affect GM-CSF signaling and to replicate previous findings for association between GM-CSF:STAT5 signaling pathway in neutrophils, and coding variants, we recruited 77 patients with known GMSI level comprised of 39 CD, 36 UC, 1 inflammatory bowel disease-undetermined (IBD-U) and 1 control (Supplementary Fig. 1 and Supplementary Table 1) and we performed WGS on them. Here, CSF2 is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.