TNFSF11 and rheumatoid arthritis: As artesunate was also reported to inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption by RAW264.7 cells through suppression of NFATc1 activation and by primary bone marrow-derived macrophage cells through suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway, it could be a potential DMARD for RA which may both inhibit inflammation and prevent joint destruction progression especially for patients with low inflammation [15, 16].