TP53 and lung carcinoma: Previous reports demonstrated that garlic and DADS exerted a chemo-preventive effect through different pathways: (i) by increasing apoptosis and Bcl-2 expression and decreasing p53 protein and Bax expression in lung cancer cells (NCI-H1299) [94], (ii) by increasing intracellular ROS in A549 cells [22], (iii) by inhibiting cell proliferation in CaCo-2 and HT-29 cells repressing histone deacetylase activity and histone hyperacetylation and increasing the p21(waf1/cip1) expression [95], and (iv) by inducing apoptosis by activating caspase-3 expression in HL60 cells [96].