CXCL12 and myocardial infarction: For example, stromal cell-derived factor 1 alpha (SDF-1α) doubled the recruitment of chondrogenic progenitor cells in a hyaluronate-fibrin hydrogel, which formed hyaline cartilage when cultured in a bovine cartilage explant model.50 Local SDF-1α release increased the recruitment of systemically infused bone marrow-derived MSCs by 700% in a mouse model of myocardial infarction (MI),51 suggesting that cartilage repair scaffolds releasing SDF-1α may perform synergistically with MSCs from marrow recruitment or intra-articular injections.