In conclusion, leukemia cell lines employed in our studies, both myeloid and lymphoid, as well as clonogenic blasts isolated from AML and CML patients express functional C3aR and C5aR receptors, and as we reported in the past leukemic cells respond to stimulation by these anaphylatoxins by an enhanced random migration known as chemokinesis (17). This evidence concerns the gene C3AR1 and leukemia.