For example, OSI-027, an inhibitor of the mTOR catalytic site, blocks the mTORC pathway by reducing 4EBP1 phosphorylation and triggering an anti-leukemia effect by decreasing MYC expression and increasing the expression of the pro-apoptotic BCL2 family member p53 upregulated mediator of apoptosis (PUMA). Here, MYC is linked to leukemia.