Several studies showed that MDSCs promote tumor invasion and metastasis by two mechanisms: 1) elevated production of multiple MMPs, which play a major role in matrix degradation, release of VEGF-A, and chemokines to create a pre-metastatic environment, and 2) fusion of MDSCs with tumor cells to promote the metastatic process [53, 77, 78]. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is neoplasm.