MPO and kidney injury: The 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid- (TNBS-) induced colitis (colon shortening and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity) model in the mouse model [144]; sepsis-induced acute kidney injury via inhibition of ROS and inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the kidney from septic mice [145]; sepsis induced in rats by cecal ligation and puncture [146]; LPS-induced acute inflammation model [147]; and various other multiple mechanisms including NF-κB and STAT3 inhibition [148] have been demonstrated.