CCN2 and hydrops fetalis: In the HF status, the rein-angiotensin-aldosterone system was activated and the angiotensinIIinduced expression of plasma connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) which was a cytokine that played a key role in the prognosis fibrosis, and expression of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) which caused cardiac fibrosis [25,26].