EPOR and cancer: As shown in Figure 6E, our results reveal that the altered tumor microenvironment caused by hydrogen peroxide secreted by cancer cells and the dysregulation of genetic and epigenetic regulation could lead to the alteration of EGFR, EPOR, and CD29 signaling pathways, resulting abnormal proliferation, gluconeogenesis, cell migration, and extracellular proteolysis to cause early stage LADC to progress to middle stage LADC.