ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Twenty different ALK fusion partner genes have been reported across multiple malignancies.1 The uncontrolled activity of ALK fusion proteins results in oncogenic signalling in several downstream pathways that regulate proliferation and malignant transformation.2,3 The EML4–ALK translocation detected in NSCLC is a widely recognised ALK fusion gene and is estimated to exist in 5% of all NSCLC cases worldwide.4