As macrophages migrate to accumulate in the most severely hypoxic regions of the tumor tissue, the high amounts of lactate, produced by tumor cells, decrease the activation of pro-inflammatory macrophages; promote the M2 polarization with a consequent reduction of NF-κB activity, which in turn can compromise tumor surveillance by inhibiting of infiltrating T and NK cells [188]. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is neoplasm.