Recombinant HMGB1 markedly enhanced inflammation as evident by an elevated expression of F4/80 and inflammation-related genes and insulin resistance characterized by an impairment of glucose tolerance and systemic insulin sensitivity and a decreased protein level of insulin signaling components in the livers of FBXW7-injected mice fed a HFD (Fig. 7b-g). Here, HMGB1 is linked to Insulin resistance.