VDR and prostate carcinoma: The current literature on the functions of NRs in prostate cancer indicate that DAX1, SHP, RARβ/γ, FXRs, LXRs, VDR, ERβ, ERRβ/γ, and MR can play antioncogenic roles, while PPARγ, RORγ, SF-1, LRH-1, Erα, and GR, as well as AR, can play oncogenic roles (Table 1).