In a high-fat-diet-induced obesity mice model with renal impairment, liraglutide treatment likely protected subjects from kidney injury through lipid and mitochondrial metabolism regulation via the sirtuin/AMP-activated protein kinase/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (Sirt1/AMPK/PGC1α) pathways [59]. Here, PPARGC1A is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.