INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Some recent evidences suggest that factors acting during prenatal life, such as malnutrition or stress, can induce epigenetic changes in different tissues and organs, increasing the risk of coronary heart disease and T2DM in old age [66]; similarly, epigenetic modifications in foetal life may modify a series of parameters such as secretion and sensitivity to insulin, production and synthesis of hepatic glucose, release of hormones involved in glucose metabolism, contributing to the increased risk of developing T2DM in adulthood [29].