We found that deletion of HSP60 led to cardiac chamber dilation and left ventricular dysfunction, accompanied with a dramatic increase in the ratio of lung to body weight, and premature death, demonstrating that HSP60 deletion in adult cardiomyocytes resulted in dilated cardiomyopathy, which further led to heart failure and lethality (Fig. S11). Here, HSPD1 is linked to dilated cardiomyopathy.