Senescent cells are characterized by a set of biomarkers that includes a permanent growth arrest with morphological changes, senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, tumor suppression network activation involving p53 and p16/Rb pathways, senescence-associated heterochromatin foci, a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)54,55 without telomere shortening mostly observed in the case of replicative senescence. Here, RB1 is linked to neoplasm.