It was found that 33% (n = 74; p = 0.001) of cases with MS, 23% (n = 16; p = 0.840) of statin users, 24% (n = 66; p = 0.275) of ACE inhibitor users, 17% (n = 40; P = 0.059) of beta-blocker users, 21% (n = 50; P = 0.739) of smokers and 20% (n = 43) of cases with COPD developed POAF (Table 1). Here, ACE is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.