TGFB1 and infection: Likewise, the pattern of Th1 cytokines, which are produced during the inflammatory state of infection and are important for the activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and regression of the infection [30, 31], is inverted to a pattern of immunosuppressive cytokines, such as interleukin 10 (IL-10) and tumor growth factor beta (TGF-β), whose levels in tissues and plasma are directly correlated with the severity of the infection [32, 33], making it more likely to progress to CeCa [34, 35].