TRAF3 and herpes simplex encephalitis: In five phenotypically heterogeneous patients, exome sequencing identified potentially causative TRAF3 variants; four of our patients carried the heterozygous p.R118W variant which was reported earlier in a patient with herpes simplex encephalitis [27], and one patient carried a p.V240I variant in heterozygous state (see Additional file 3: Table S3.