To investigate whether such anti-inflammatory action extends to macrophages and other pro-inflammatory/atherogenic mediators, the effect of several concentrations of DGLA on IFN-γ induced expression of MCP-1 and ICAM-1 mRNA, which are both expressed at high levels during inflammation and atherosclerosis [5,23], was first investigated in human THP-1 macrophages. The gene discussed is CCL2; the disease is atherosclerosis.