Although there was neither a significant association between basal insulin analogues and HCC occurrence before exclusion of chronic viral hepatitis, nor a significant multiplicative interaction between chronic viral hepatitis and basal insulin analogues on risk of HCC after multiple adjustment, we consistently observed that chronic viral hepatitis signified the association of all insulin analogues with liver cancer risks after pooling together all kinds of insulin analogues for the multivariate analysis (Table S4). Here, INS is linked to animal viral hepatitis.