High-risk individuals include women with a known BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation and their first-degree relatives, women with a personal history of invasive BC or ductal carcinoma in situ and lobular carcinoma in situ or atypical hyperplasia, Li-Fraumeni, Cowden/PTEN or Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome (and first-degree relatives), mutation in specific genes (ATM, CDH1, CHEK2, NBN, NF1, PALB2, PTEN, STK11 or TP53), and a history of chest irradiation between the age of 10 and 30 [56]. The gene discussed is PTEN; the disease is ductal breast carcinoma in situ.