In the first study, Shim et al. [37] observed that treatment with leaf extracts of Cichorium intybus, containing a variety of phytochemicals, such as lactucin and lactucopicrin sesquiterpene lactones, attenuated body weight gain, glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, as well as systemic and adipose tissue inflammation in mice with HFD-induced type-2 diabetes, via inhibition of NLRP3 activation. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.