Mtb infection induces the production of MMPs both in vitro and in vivo.40, 114 Many MMPs, specifically MMP‐1, have been shown to contribute in TB pathology in human lungs.82 Although the primary function of MMPs is thought to be matrix cleavage and tissue remodelling, many evidences suggest these enzymes also play a major role in angiogenesis, cell motility, apoptosis, regulating immunity, inflammation and host defences.115 Moreover, several MMPs through proteolytic activity can modulate the functions of cytokines and chemokines including IFN‐γ, IL‐1β, TNF‐α, CXCL8 and CCL7. This evidence concerns the gene MMP1 and tuberculosis.