CXCL16 and acute respiratory distress syndrome: Lipopolysaccharide may induce neutrophil accumulation, ROS production and cytokine secretion, ultimately leading to ALI/ARDS.31 By exposing 16HBE cells to LPS, we found that LPS could enhance the release of CXCL16, and increase the expression of CXCL16 and CXCR6 at both the transcriptional and translational levels.