GSK3B and mood disorder: A conventional GSK3β inhibitor, LiCl, has been shown to stimulate human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) proliferation at lower concentrations (1 and 4 mM) [27], while it suppresses hMSC proliferation at higher concentrations (10, 20 and 40 mM) [14] and in mood disorders [28]; however, treatment with LiCl was followed by severe side effects, such as neurological toxicity [29].