Work that investigated the effects of four different Lactobacillus strains on the adherens junctions of T84 colon adenocarcinoma cells noted differentially regulated E-cadherin and elevated phosphorylated β-catenin levels by some of the strains; it also noticed an overall improvement in barrier function by gram positive lactobacilli [118]. The gene discussed is CDH1; the disease is colon adenocarcinoma.