Immune genes investigated were: Rel1 (a homologue of Drosophila dorsal) and Rel2 (an NF‐κB transcriptional factor), regulators of the Toll and IMD pathways respectively, Defensin1, which can be activated through both Toll and Immune deficiency pathway (IMD) signalling, and the leucine‐rich repeat immune protein 1 (LRIM1), part of the complement‐like pathway. The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is Immunodeficiency.