However, increasing PSA level was significantly associated with higher risk of ISUP ≥ 2 prostate cancer with odds ratios ranging from 0.90 (95%CI: 0.72–1.14) for PSA levels 3 to 4 ng/mL, 1.29 (95%CI: 1.03–1.63) for PSA levels 4 to 6 ng/mL, 2.06 (95%CI: 1.59–2.67) for PSA levels 6 to 10 ng/mL and 3.50 (95%CI: 2.36–5.18) for PSA levels 10 to 15 ng/mL compared to men with a PSA from 2 to 3 ng/mL. This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and prostate carcinoma.