Data from animal and human studies have shown that obesity leads to a systemic proinflammatory state as indicated by higher plasma concentrations of various inflammatory markers, including CRP, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) [30–33]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.