While this is indicative of a neuroprotective role for type I IFN, increased type I IFN expression has also been found in the brain tissue of post mortem PD patients, and type I IFN receptor (IFNAR) function is required in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induced mouse model of PD (Main et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene IFNAR1 and Parkinson disease.