Zafar et al. (2018) followed the descendant population carriers of the “Iowa-Kindred” mutation in PD and showed that triplication in the SNCA gene on one allele directly increased alpha-synuclein levels two-fold and lead to a rapid progression of synucleopathy, causing severe clinical and neuropathological features (Zafar et al., 2018). The gene discussed is SNCA; the disease is Parkinson disease.