Development of new PARP inhibitors is currently a growth area in cancer treatment (Alano et al., 2006, Lee et al., 2007, Kim et al., 2013), and understanding which PARP enzymes are responsible for bone and vascular calcification would potentially allow treatment developments for the specific inhibition of vascular calcification, mitigating any adverse effects on bone mineralization. This evidence concerns the gene PARP1 and cancer.