Other genes identifiedin the study in the Indian population, such as CASP8, HRAS andNOTCH1, are also altered in HNSCC in other populations (albeitat different frequencies and with varying significance) (Agrawal et al., 2011; Stransky et al., 2011; Seiwert et al., 2015; The Cancer Genome Atylas Network, 2015; Al-Hebshi et al., 2016), but were notidentified in this study. The gene discussed is HRAS; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.