Interestingly, the defect of BATF3-/- mice in generating anti-tumor immune responses could not be attributed to a priming defect, as frequencies of cytokine-producing CD8+ T-cells were higher rather than lower in the draining inguinal lymph nodes of tumor-bearing BATF3-/- mice relative to WT controls (Fig 3M). This evidence concerns the gene BATF3 and neoplasm.