CD103+CD11b- DCs require the basic leucine zipper transcription factor ATF-like 3 (BATF3) and interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) for their development [3] and are equipped to cross-present viral, tumor, and self-antigens; the functional human equivalent of CD103+CD11b- DCs is the CD141hi DC subset [4]. This evidence concerns the gene IRF8 and neoplasm.