For this reason, CD14+ monocytes isolated from PBMCs from keloid formers were used for co-culture with our reconstructed keloid scar (Kscar) model [17] to determine whether they could enhance the in vitro keloid phenotype as previously established (increased contraction, dermal thickness and α-SMA immunoreactivity; reduced dermal collagen-type IV α2, hyaluronan synthase 1 and matrix metalloproteinase 3 gene expression; reduced HGF secretion). The gene discussed is HAS1; the disease is keloid.