Figure 6 shows that compared with the control group, the BPH group had increased mRNA expression levels of TGF-β, TGF-βR1, p-SMAD2, and N-cadherin (Figures 6(a)–6(c), and 6(f)) and the expression levels of BAMBI and a decreased mRNA expression level of E-cadherin (P<0.01) (Figures 6(d) and 6(e)). Here, TGFB1 is linked to benign prostatic hyperplasia.