In conclusion, DCXC could reduce the number of total cells, neutrophils and macrophages in BALF, reduce the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and NO in BALF, inhibit MPO activity, inhibit the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65, and decrease the expression of COX-2 and iNOS, which suggested that DCXC plays a protective role in LPS-induced ALI in mice. This evidence concerns the gene NOS2 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.