The average values of ANP during AF in patients with normal and impaired diastolic function were 167.3 ± 70.1 and 298.7 ± 83.6 pg/mL, respectively (p < 0.001), and those of BNP were 49.5 ± 14.7 and 145.6 ± 49.6 pg/mL, respectively (p < 0.001). This evidence concerns the gene NPPA and atrial fibrillation.