TIMP1 and tuberous sclerosis: We observed that besides higher mRNA expression of MMP9, MMP14 and TIMP4, protein expression of MMP2, 3, 9 and 14 and TIMP1, 2, 3 and 4 is abundantly present in cortical tubers of patients with TSC and that particularly glial cells, dysmorphic neurons and giant cells were strongly immunopositive for MMPs.