Hence, Kim et al. [31] studied hospitalized paediatric patients with influenza virus infection and pneumonia (N = 57) and found that the concentrations of interferon alpha (IFN-α), IL-6, and interferon γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10) were higher in children with both influenza A/H1N1 and pneumonia than in patients with pneumonia without H1N1 infection. Here, IL6 is linked to pneumonia.