IFNB1 and viral infectious disease: To further examine the effect of ZIKV NS4A on IFN-β production induced by viral infection, we used SeV or poly(I:C) as an IFN stimulus and found that expression of ZIKV NS4A, DENV NS4A or influenza PB1-F2, but not ZIKV prM, markedly inhibited the activities of IFN-β reporters upon induction by SeV (Fig. 5b) or poly(I:C)(Fig. 5c).