TLR4 and colitis: The results were as follows: (1) MRS alleviated tissue damage in acetic acid-induced UC, (2) MRS controlled inflammation in acetic acid-induced UC, (3) MRS inhibited oxidative stress in acetic acid-induced colon, (4) MRS reduced cell apoptosis in acetic acid-induced UC, (5) MRS protected acetic acid-induced colitis through the TLR-4/NF-κB/MAPKs signaling pathway, and (6) MRS improved anti-inflammatory response by promoting the IL-10/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway.