To confirm the role of SPOCK1 in anti-tumorigenesis activity of API by IHC staining, we found that SPOCK1 staining was markedly decreased in shSPOCK1 and API treatment, whereas SPOCK1-overexpressing tumor tissues were strongly stained, and the suppressive effects of API had been restored (Fig. 6a). This evidence concerns the gene SERPINF2 and neoplasm.